Sandwich Generation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sandwich Generation - Essay Example Above all else, Sandwich Generation is the advanced age that gives most extreme significance to geriatric consideration/kid care. Be that as it may, this makes a lot of worry among the individuals who are answerable for care providing for their folks and kids. Furthermore, womenfolk face more issue than men since they are compelled to assume different jobs in their families. To be explicit, this pretend, in actuality, makes passionate separation from everyday life issues. For example, kids must be managed due consideration and consideration. Be that as it may, when one’s obligation/duty is partitioned between one’s own kid and parent, there is high opportunities for passionate exhaustion. Stebbins (2001) clarifies that, â€Å"Eldercare issues are the most intense for ladies in the alleged sandwich age, those with both eldercare and childcare duties happening at the equivalent time† (p.48). On the off chance that the individual is a worker, work place connections may get risky. The individuals who are running among work and individual duties may confront the issue of over-burdening obligations. Rogers (2010) states that, â€Å"Many of these guardians wind up pulling twofold obligation as they battle to think about a maturing guardian while bringing up their kids and keeping an eye on other familial and work responsibilities† (p.338). One can undoubtedly recognize that Sandwich Generation doesn't overlook their obligations, however are completely inundated inside the equivalent. At the point when they work at their workplaces, they face partition nervousness in light of the fact that their friends and family are energetically hanging tight for them at their homes. This fundamental issue drives the Sandwich Generation to a dilemmatic circumstance of blameworthy awareness. Another issue face by the Sandwich Generation is money related issue coming about because of care giving. In any case, they don't consider this as a major issue since they know about their obligation towards their kids and guardians. Babiarz (2007) opines that, â€Å"Healthcare dynamic capacity is the primary issue raised when somebody

Terrorism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Fear based oppression - Research Paper Example He selected at North Carolina A& T University and graduated in 1986 (US Department of Defense, 2006). Mohammed was charged in America for his endeavor to explode planes over the Pacific. Be that as it may, Mohammed escaped from the FBI and later joined Al Qaeda. Mohammed was caught in Pakistan, in 2003, and held in different mystery areas. In 2006, along with other â€Å"high value† hostages, they were moved to Guantanamo cove in Cuba. Mohammed’s claimed offenses included obliteration of property, intrigue, assaulting regular people causing substantial mischief deliberately and murder infringing upon the law, commandeering a vessel and airplane, and ultimately offering material help for psychological warfare. In the Bush Administration period, the case gave inspiration to seeking after Mohammed as a promise to the War on Terror. In Obama’s 2008 political race vow, there were vows to close Guantanamo Bay. In any case, this has been troublesome because of secur ity fears and restriction from his rivals. Proof against Mohammed essentially originates from data put away in PC drives. The PC drives supposedly held implicating proof about nitty gritty plans on the most proficient method to capture and assault planes. Moreover, they got photos of the nineteen plotters of the 9/11 assaults, letters from Osama container Laden and different archives highlighting his immediate job in sorting out the assaults. In a Combatant Status Review, he admitted of his inclusion. Military commissions were halted briefly with the goal that prisoners could be indicted in government courts (Elsea, 2009). Military commissions would in any case be permitted to manage different psychological oppression cases; all things considered, the organization supported government criminal courts. The technique overseeing criminal cases is characterized in Title 18 of the U.S code. Judgment under government courts follows plainly set down rules. Bureaucratic courts are autonomou s of different arms of government; military council can be affected by official requests. Their choices are less affected by legislative issues; President Obama founded a board to regulate fear mongering cases while suspects were held inconclusively (Lizner, 2009). The audit of these cases happens outside the court with no automatic assessment. Professionals of Utilizing Military Tribunal Military commissions don't need to give Miranda admonitions; for government courts, Miranda rights ought to be referenced for the tolerability of admissions. Regularly, military councils and government court have open procedures. In any case, the military councils have more shut procedures than government courts. Similarly, military courts can restrict the transmission of touchy data particularly with issues to do with national security. Military councils have the approval to set up their own ward for offenses culpable under the Military Commissions Act MCA or the law of war for outsider, adversary soldiers (Elsea, 2009). Stars of Using Federal Courts in Trying Terrorism Suspects Federal courts utilize since quite a while ago settled principles, instead of military commissions. This dodges suit chances and advances collaboration among suspects. Furthermore, the extension secured by government courts is a lot more extensive than under Military Tribunals; if there should be an occurrence of American residents, the chance of preliminary in Military Tribunals lessens. Essentially, solitary wolf psychological militants can be attempted in government

The History Of Down Syndrome Social Work Essay

The History Of Down Syndrome Social Work Essay This paper takes a gander at the different speculations that clarify social cooperations inside the general public, for example, the look model. Different hypotheses are the social model, the clinical model and the shame hypothesis. These speculations give direction into understanding the different communications between the incapacitated and ordinary people inside the network. Another name for the Down disorder wonder is trisomy 21. This condition happens when there is an additional duplicate of chromosome number 21 in the body arrangement of a person. Shildrick (2009) signifies that this condition causes an adjustment in the body make of a kid, and this prompts facial distortion. This article investigates the effect of the Down disorder wonder. It dissects the issues that influence the social development of individuals with handicaps, and for this situation, youngsters with the Down disorder marvel. This paper examines an assortment of hypothetical systems that clarify the conduct of individuals as to the debilitated. It blend these speculations, into different philosophies of consideration, and aides in addressing the inquiry on whether kids whose face are deformed because of the Down disorder condition are remembered for the undertakings of the general public. This paper characterizes, and fundamentally looks at issues encompassing the social developments of the incapacitated. Among the issues distinguished are, social character, facial deformation, inability and the idea of the Down condition. DePoy et al (2011) indicates that facial deformation happens when the essence of a youngster takes another structure, which is against the ordinary. It changes the presence of an individual, and the condition impacts a people observation in the general public. Social personality alludes to the disposition, or recognition that a gathering in the general public, sees someone else or themselves. Social character radiates from an individual self-origination. DePoy et al further means that this impression of self, results to an individual setting oneself to a particular social gathering (2011). John Turner and Henri Tajfel built up the hypothesis of social character, and they did this in the wake of examining the conduct of the general public towards the incapacitated individuals (Tajfel, 1982). The hypothesis means that social personality is a procedure that gives direction on how individuals act, inside a gathering or corresponding to other people. Frances (2004) sees that individuals inside a social gathering collaborate by taking a gander at their status in the general public. Frances further signifies that the rich will in general cooperate with the rich, and the handicapped will in general associate with the debilitated (2004). Their condition in the general public gives them the authenticity to have a place with a specific gathering. As per the social character hypothesis, the social condition powers the handicapped to pull back from the different social exercises inside the network (Frances, 2004). This is a direct result of disgrace and separation. For example, kids with facial distortions will be not able to connect successfully with their friends, either in games or classes. DePoy et al (2011) sees this is a result of the different social gatherings framed inside the general public, and these kids can't fit among them. Selikowitz (1997) signifies that handicap emerges out of the passionate, physical or mental weakness of a people body condition. Facial distortion among youngsters with the Down disorder marvel is a case of a physical handicap. Selikowitz further signifies that Down condition is the primary driver of inability among kids (1997). Pueschel (2006) sees that during the twentieth century, youngsters with the component of the Down disorder were housed in exceptional foundations, and extraordinary houses. This is a result of the different discriminative strategies followed by the administration or the general public. This affected their rejection in the general public. This changed during the 1960s with the rise of the Civil rights developments, whose reason for existing was to advocate for the privileges of kids with the Down disorder condition. To redress this issue in United States of America, Kathryn McGee shaped the National Association of Down Syndrome (Marini et al, 2012). The principle objective of the foundation was to advocate for the different privileges of youngsters with the Down disorder issue, and guarantee their consideration in the general public (Marini et al, 2012). The arrangement of these affiliations is a component of the social model hypothesis. The hypothesis indicates that issues that emerge out of the inability of an individual are made by the general public. The general public is described by the nearness of social gatherings, which improve the thought of self-character. To help distorted kids, it is fundamental to utilize social instruments, for example, peer gatherings, and common relationship to advocate for the privileges of the crippled. The encompassing network must start natural systems that will shield youngsters experiencing the Down disorder condition. This will guarantee their interest in all occasions of their public activities, limiting the pace of disgrace and segregation that these kids experience the ill effects of. This hypothesis makes it feasible for an adjustment in the view of the general public towards these kids. These progressions happen in the social convictions, and ideological discernments. Davis (2006) means that the hypothesis perceives the particular privileges of impaired kids, and promoters for different estimates that will guarantee these youngsters are all around secured, and included inside the general public. Lansdown (1997) indicates that the social model hypothesis advocates for the abolishment of negative generalizing. It does this through campaigning and holding sharpening gatherings to instruct individuals on the different confusions about the handicapped kids. By doing this, they expect to impact their incorporation in the different parties of the network. Be that as it may, clinical model scholars contend that incapacity emerges out of the clinical failing of a people body. To these scholars, the facial deformation of a kid is a clinical issue, and it requires a clinical arrangement. The clinical scholars advocate for medical procedure, and mental treatment to improve the facial states of these youngsters. The hypothesis lobbys for a medicinal services approach that will address gives that emerge on account of issues looked by kids whose countenances are distorted because of the Down disorder condition (Marinelli et al, 1991). A genuine case of such an arrangement is the American College of Obstetrician and Gynecologists direction on the techniques of screening pregnant ladies. This is to recognize whether the kids they convey will experience the ill effects of the Down disorder condition. As indicated by this model, for youngsters with unusual facial qualities to partake viably in the social condition, they should experience medical procedure. This will address their facial imperfections. Magic et al, (2010) means that medical procedure assumes a significant job in lessening the facial highlights of a kid with the Down disorder condition. He further means that this prompts a decrease in separation, and social shame on the grounds that their countenances are rectified to the typical (Mojo et al, 2010). The utilization of plastic medical procedure to address the facial state of impaired kids is questionable. The European Down Syndrome society advocates against its utilization. As indicated by the general public, youngsters with the Down disorder condition must discover acknowledgment in the general public in spite of their anomaly. In as much as medical procedure is significant, it is basic to establish social approaches that will make these kids gain acknowledgment in the general public. This is on the grounds that few out of every odd individuals can stand to the significant expenses related with medical procedure. On this note, it is an ethical obligation regarding the general public to execute estimates that will prompt the consideration of the debilitated in the general public. This incorporates ordering strategies that will guarantee they show signs of improvement and quality instruction that contrast with their friends. The approaches ought to make unique games and recreational offices whose fundamental target is to empower these youngsters to take part in the different social exercises of the general public. The European Down condition society indicates that through medical procedure, the clinical organizations quicken separation and the disgrace that these youngsters experience the ill effects of. Bluhm et al (2009) indicates that these youngsters will got mindful of their clinical issues, and this will result to their withdrawal from the network. On this note, rather than quickening the consideration of these individuals into the general public, medical procedure has made them to endure rejection. Shame is an issue that emerges in this article. Disgrace is an objection or dissatisfaction of a person by watching the different qualities upon the individual that makes them not quite the same as different individuals from the general public. Disgrace exudes from the assessments of others towards individuals with handicap, and these conclusions can either be correct or wrong. By fundamentally dissecting the clinical model, youngsters with facial distortion experience the ill effects of shame. Rennie (2001) means this is the explanation regarding why the clinical model backers for medical procedure, so as to address their facial conditions. Remedying their conditions will cause them to incorporate inside the network, and amend their low confidence. They will figure out how to include themselves in different social exercises, and these outcomes to their consideration in the general public. As indicated by Erving Goffman, shame is a conduct and response of individuals, towards someone else who doesn't have a similar way of life as theirs. Erving Goffman indicates that there are three various types of social shame, and he names them as (Tremain, 2005); Deviation that happens because of a people conduct, for example, liquor dependence and medication use. Shame emerging from negative ethnicity, and generalizing. This may either radiate from religion, or potentially social impacts. Shame may emerge out of ailments that cause outer disfigurements. In this class are individuals languishing

Eco-Efficiency and Eco-Effectiveness of Organizations - Free Essay Example

Qn: In today’s global environment, why are eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness important to organizations In recent years, much emphasis has been put on the importance of eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness due to raising concern of global warming and the environment in general. Basically, eco-efficiency means reducing the environmental impacts of goods and resource intensity throughout the entire life cycle to a level at least in line with the Earth’s estimated carrying capacity; while at the same time satisfying human needs in short reducing the environment impact of products and resource used for human needs. Eco-effectiveness on the other hand means doing it right, instead of reducing the harm of wrong things. This essay will discuss in detail the benefits and reasons why eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness is important to organizations and the concept of sustainable development with examples from some companies in the world today. There are many benefits of e co-efficiency and eco-effectiveness to firms. One of the benefits is economic benefits. Companies have long been thought of as profit-maximizing entities which are expected to engage in activities that meet the financial responsibility of the firm. In recent years, the concept of corporate social responsibility is more highly regarded. Hence, fund managers are more inclined to investing in companies that are deemed environmentally responsible; due to the fact that companies that are not environmentally responsible might end up with the wrong side of the law. For example, King and Lennox (2002) suggests that an increase in environment performance translates into improvement of reputation, an increase in investors trust and a decrease of investors risk. Therefore, with the importance of attracting investors and strengthening business ties, it is important for organizations to sustain eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness (Hay et al. 2005). Eco-efficiency benefits can also be reap ed nation-wide. As De Simmone and Popoff (2000) suggests, eco efficiency can help developed countries improve their resource productivity and encourage developing countries to reach their full potential. By becoming eco-efficient and eco-effective, the cost of manufacturing a certain product or providing a certain service will be reduced as well. A fine example is 3M – through pollution-prevention projects, the company has saved over 750 million dollars (McDonough and Braungart 2001). Additionally, it is essential to the government to enable the society to be sustainable. Developing countries – giving back to the locals. Finding work for them to do instead of replacing them with eco-unfriendly machinery. In developed countries, some people are willing to pay more for â€Å"green† products as their physiological needs are already satisfied, and hence move up the Maslow hierarchy of needs, seeking esteem and self-actualization instead. Recently, that behavio ur has been dubbed as â€Å"lazy environmentalism† (Can Capitalism save the Planet? , New York Times) – and organizations are jumping on the wagon to help consumers achieve that sort of need. Therefore, eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness are important to organizations because they help to attain a reputation for being environmentally friendly, and hence help their consumers achieve their â€Å"lazy environmentalism† needs without sacrifice, generating profits at the same time (DeSimone Popoff 2000). Pressure has also been made to firms to be eco-efficient and eco-effective from groups such as Greenpeace. An article by Flveash (Fiveash 2010) shows that Dell is pressured by Greenpeace to remove all hazardous chemicals from its entire product. Therefore, with such large and influential organizations campaigning for such reasons, it is important for organizations to keep themselves in good media light. As the market for most products are not in scarce supply, being eco-friendly in the public eye is the key to being competitive against other organizations. Hence, allowing a â€Å"cutting edge† and â€Å"unique selling point† to products, in this instance, environmentally friendliness will prove crucial to organizations to stand out from competitors. As natural resources gets scarce, firms has realised the importance of sustainable management and development in recent years. In short sustainability means the ability of humans to ensure that it meets the need of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The Brundtland Commission Report (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987) has emphasized the importance of sustainable development and forced it to the top of the agenda of the United Nations and the multilateral development banks. Without sustainable management and development, our future generations would be left with little or no resources. Sustainability of businesses through protecting resources? For example, eco-tourism – if natural habitat of tribes destroyed, there will be no such thing anymore. Overfarming? —Increase in demand, decrease in supply. Therefore, prices of raw materials will increase, not a benefit to businesses in long run. Might as well show some effort now to prevent it. Through the reasons above, we can see that it is of much importance for managers in todays global environment to be aware of the environmental impacts of the firms product and services instead of just working towards a lower input and a higher output. This is linked corporate social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility is basically a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model as such firms do more than what they are required to do under applicable laws and regulations. As stated by Hays Stavins (2005) a firm must consistently reduce its emission of air and water pollution by more than it is required to do by environment authorities to be considered as practicing CSR. CONCLUSION – State the importance of eco-efficiency and effectiveness and weigh the advantages over disadvantages. Eco-efficiency is based on bringing the two eco dimensions of economy and ecology together to relate product or service value to environmental influence. It is a concept that balances the economical output of a company from an environmentally sound input. For example, an organizations eco-efficiency can be formulated by weighing its value profile agaisnt its environmental profile where eco-efficiency ratios such as net sales per energy/material consumption can be produced. This eco-efficiency concept is a measurement framework for the progress of economic and environmental sustainability. When an organization increases its prosperity with lesser activity and meets or exceeds the stipulations of environmental regulations, it is eco-effective. Hence, the balance of the two dimensio ns of eco are vital in this modern society where being environmentally conscious would result in economical benefits. Eco-efficiency has moved away from the Industrial Revolution age where gargantuan output of products translates to large proportions of environmentally toxic by-products. On the other hand, although being eco-efficient might increase output costs, people in developed countries are willing to pay more for esteem and self-actualisation purposes.

Animal Rights They Do Exist!

When God gave us our life, He also created beautiful living creatures which also have the right to live on the same planet. Without a doubt, we are the superior in thoughts and power, but unfortunately we tend to forget about the responsibility, which comes to us with our power. While some human beings truly believe that animal rights exist, the others only consider animals to be the food and medical research issues. According to my personal belief, animals have the same feelings and go through the same depth of pain and love as we do. If you take a look at your pet, you will definitely notice that when loved deeply, it will always return love in many various folds. The only difference lies in their inability to say what they feel. When cared of and looked after very well, animals can even sacrifice their lives for us! A lot of humans seem to be unable to do the same. Luckily, a lot of people are truly animal lovers. They make sure to provide animals with good care and ensure no animal around is being hurt. Even if the question is about a little hamster or a kitten, they provide the best care and make certain the animal feels comfortable and safe. If you just try to analyze animals, you will notice that just like us animals also have families, they take care of their babies and are also bonded by love. So when we take the little ones from them, just imagine how much pain and suffering they feel! They suffer no less than our kind, when we’re distant from our beloved ones. While on the one side there are human beings who are ready to give anything to save animals, on the other side we see the ones who do not care about them. These people hurt animals or even kill them for pleasure and fun. They study them and have no regrets in the process. If you and me would never prefer to spend our days away from the people dear to our heart or locked in a cage, then why do we decide to treat animals that way? Before taking any measures, it is highly important to think what this act is going to mean to them. But if we can somehow justify killing animals to obtain certain nutrition elements, depriving little fellows of their lives to just create luxurious products is a crime no matter what. Because of our desire to satisfy our ego, certain species of animals are nowadays at verge of extinction. To my opinion, this is a crime and there should be a solid punishment. Killing the fluffy fellows just for fun or for human pleasure cannot be justifiable. Just like you and me, animals also have the right to live in this world and never be afraid of us. If we call ourselves â€Å"homo sapience†, we have to understand and learn to respect animals and treat them with love.

The Advocacy Groups That Stand For Pro Choice - 1547 Words

Over several centuries and in different cultures, there is a rich history of women helping each other to abort. Until the late 1800s, women healers in Western Europe and the U.S. provided abortions and trained other women to do so, without legal prohibitions. There were many different ways they attempted to do this procedure; such as a pennyroyal tea, which according to Thorpe, is toxic at just five grams. They believed that jumping and kicking yourself in the buttocks would also make a women have a miscarriage. Sitting over a pot of hot onions, and using camel saliva, ants, and deer hair was also a popular way to have an abortion back then. In today’s society abortion has become a major social issue that will never be resolved. It is a topic that some people avoid in our society. They would rather pretend it does not excite than recognize it as part in our society. The two advocacy groups that stand firm in their moral beliefs are conservatives who stand for pro-life and libe rals who stand for pro-choice. They do not take this issue lightly, there has been countless debates about whether it is murder or not. However, it always ends the same way with now solution. There are four major points to look at when discussing the issue of abortion, legal precedence, human rights, religion and when life beings. It is important to look at what functions do these point play in society and what conflicts it has in society. During the past 40 years, federal courts, specifically theShow MoreRelatedAarp1008 Words   |  5 PagesAustin Braham The American Association of Retired Persons is a powerful special interest group that protects the interests of retirees across the US by lobbying politicians to pass legislation in the organization’s favor. Inside you will find detailed information outlining AARP’s mission, purpose, and scope. 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Now in a rapid changing-liberal society, people are questioning if prohibiting a woman from aborting is denying her inalienable rightRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?1623 Words   |  7 Pagesthey present is the fact that, The first cell of a new and unique human life begins existence at the moment of conception (fertilization) when one living sperm from the father joins with one living ovum from the mother. Overall, the central idea of pro-life is that fact that life begins at the site of conception. In addition to the moral idea that abortion is inhuman, many religions have the perception of abortion as an abomination that causes spiritual death. The religions base their opinion on theRead MorePro Choice Vs. Pro Life : A False Dichotomy2314 Words   |  10 PagesBartolome English 2 Carlos Mujal May 13, 2016 Pro-Choice vs. Pro-Life: A False Dichotomy One of the most controversial and emotionally charged topics in the United States still being debated on is abortion. Despite Roe v Wade passing the law for a woman’s right to attain an abortion, there is still much debate surrounding the topic. Questions like, â€Å"When does Life begin?†, â€Å"Is the mother’s life considered as well?†, and most importantly, â€Å"Are you pro-choice or pro-life?† come up consistently before and

Telecommunication and Growth Evolutionary Process

Question: Discuss about the Telecommunication and Growth for Evolutionary Process. Answer: Introduction: In order to cope up with the growing competition in the telecommunication market, every company is coming out newer and newer schemes. Therefore in order to keep up with such markers and to get competitive advantage from it, business analysts and researchers continuously need to perform their researches well so that the company does not face loss. Therefore, Batelco Company also needs to produce schemes which would not only help them to survive the competition but also should be unique enough to gain attentions. Batelco Telecommunications is a leading telecommunication company that has been successful in creating a perfect consumer base who has immense trust in the brand name. However, in the recent generation, growth of many small telecommunications with lucrative schemes for both postpaid and prepaid connections have attracted many consumers from all over Bahrain. Therefore Batelco has faced severe losses in the past few years while tackling such sudden changes in market demands. Moreover, a package of postpaid or prepaid connections with discounts on internet packages in different other companies have attracted consumers which resulted in severe loss faced by the company. Hence, meetings had been conducted to propose new initiatives to get back the consumer base of Batelco. Schemes are proposed which include postpaid connections that will accompany free internet for using social media apps like face book, twitter, YouTube and Whatsapp. These schemes will include particular plans for postpaid calling and texting, In addition to this package of postpaid, free internet gigabytes are provided which can help consumers to access the apps without additional subscription. Objective: The main objective for introducing the proposal to attract the consumer base that had opted for other telecommunication systems due to their cheap rate of internet packages which Batelco had failed to provide. Free usage of the social media app will attract the old consumers of Batelco as well as the huge mass of the teenagers and young adults who always remain hooked to social media. The pricing has to be made lucrative so that it can attract the young generation but at the same time should not be less enough so that the profit margin is too low. The effect of pricing can be masked by different additional features like free internet, easy recharge schemes, caller tones and others so that consumers can feel that they are getting much more than normal and are being benefitted. Hence the pricing should be prepared by the experts which proper calculations and analysis. Proper approaches would only follow after business analysts and experts decide the rate of different packages that could be introduced which not only would be lucrative to consumers but also will bring success to the net profit of the company. Hence 6 months are allotted for the experts to arrange the plans. 3 months are allotted for the preparation of introduction of the plans into the market. This would include profit analysis, workforce and consumer representative preparation. Another 2 moths would be required for marketing strategies. From the response created, one would then decide the time of introduction of the plans in the market. Therefore altogether, 1 year should be kept in hand for preparation and implementation of the plan till consumers gets the chance to use it. This would require entire year of 2017. From December of the same year, the company can hope to see the success. Conclusion: Providing free internet for social networking instead of discounted packages of networking like other companies would give them a foothold in the competition. However they would never suffer loss as the usage of internet would be restricted to four social apps only. This scheme is expected to help Batelco gain back his old consumer base and at the same time get back the success rates that it used to achieve References: Asiri, B.K. and Al-Mossawi, M.M., 2014. The Reaction of Investors to Marketing and Financial Announcements in the Telecommunication Sector.International Journal of Business and Social Science,5(11). Freeman, Roger L.Telecommunication system engineering. Vol. 82. John Wiley Sons, 2015. Hussain, Marwan Rajeh, Abduljalil Zainal, Wael Mohamed Elmedany, and Mohamed Waleed Fakhr. "Telematics Business and Management in Bahrain Market."Transport and Telecommunication14, no. 1 (2013): 13-19. Medudula, M.K., Sagar, M. and Gandhi, R.P., 2016. Telecommunication Standards and Growth: Evolutionary Process. InTelecom Management in Emerging Economies(pp. 1-17). Springer India.